MAAPT SPRING Meeting 2005

APRIL 30, BETHEL UNIVERSITY, ST. PAUL

 

This MAAPT meeting will be held in room AC246 of the Academic Center (AC), Bethel University, St. Paul, Minnesota.  A campus map, driving directions to Bethel University, and a list of local hotels can be found at http://www.bethel.edu/special-events/campus_map.htm.

 

The Academic Center is building #2 on the campus map.  Attendees should park in the West Parking Lot (#6 on the map), enter the Community Life Center (building #1) and go up the main stairway into the adjoining Academic Center building.  Signs will be posted inside the buildings.

 

The regular lunch will be $5 per person, but is limited to the first 24 people to buy tickets from Steven Ratliff at the meeting.  The Bethel physics department has kindly picked up half the cost to keep the price down for meeting attendees.  There is a grill and sandwich shop and Caribou Coffee next door so if necessary, one could buy lunch there and bring it into the room where the lunch and business meeting will be held.

 

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MAAPT PROGRAM

 

7:30 – 8:00            Coffee and Registration

 

8:00 – 8:20            Modeling movement of electric charges within dielectric materials

                              Erik Dahlman and Brian Beecken, Bethel University

 

8:20 – 8:40            Optimization of the genetic algorithm for ultrafast pulse shaping

                              Anastasiya S. Vershenya, Hamline University

 

8:40 – 9:00            Sonoluminescence studies at Hamline University

                              Christopher Visker, Hamline University

 

9:00 – 9:20            Implementation, Analysis, and Assessment of On-Line Teaching Evaluations

                              Jerry L. Artz, Andrew R. Rundquist, Hamline University. 

 

9:20 – 9:40            Modern Physics at Hamline University

                              Andy Rundquist, Hamline University

 

9:40 – 10:00          A new twist in the double slit experiment and Rayleigh Criterion on

                              resolution

                              R. C. Misra, Warren Menough, and Mukti Aryal, Minnesota State University, Mankato


10:00 – 10:30        Coffee Break and poster session

 

                              Variations in the Correlation Coefficients of SiO Masers

                              Amanda Hyde and Gordon McIntosh, University of Minnesota, Morris

 

                              Using Autocorrelation Functions to Examine the Pumping of Silicon

                              Monoxide Masers

                              Bill Cox and Gordon McIntosh, University of Minnesota, Morris

 

                              Performance of Computer Generated Zone Plates

                              Ryan Johnson, Minnesota State University Moorhead

 

10:30 – 10:50        CCD Photometry of the Open Cluster NGC 7789*

                              Jessica L. Windschitl, Saint Mary's University

 

10:50 – 11:10        Introductory physics through inquiry-based labs

                              Brian Batell and Bradley McCoy, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities

 

11:10 – 11:30        Applications of Radial Distribution Functions to Biological Systems

                              Josh Jacobson and Brendan Johnston, Gustavus Adolphus College

 

11:30 – 11:50        Is more really better?  The connection between student success in

                              introductory physics and the number of demonstrations.

                              Brian Andersson, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities

 

11:50 – 12:10        Using AC Magnetic Susceptometry to Probe Exchange Anisotropy in

                              Antiferromagnetic/Ferromagnetic Bilayers

                              Richard A. Thomas, David Caven, and E. Dan Dahlberg, University of

                              Minnesota

 

12:10 – 12:20        Update on the Minnesota Planetarium

                              Parke Kunkle, President, Minnesota Planetarium Society

 

12:20 – 1:30          Lunch and Business Meeting

 


MAAPT PROGRAM ABSTRACTS

SPRING Meeting 2005

APRIL 30, BETHEL UNIVERSITY, ST. PAUL

 

 

Modeling movement of electric charges within dielectric materials

Erik Dahlman and Brian Beecken, Bethel University

An algorithm modeling the motion of electrons and holes within dielectric materials under bombardment by high-energy electrons has been developed. The three-step cyclical algorithm calculates the number densities of both electrons and holes, then the electric field and finally the current density at incremental positions within the dielectric. The algorithm is relevant to spacecraft discharging because it utilizes two earlier algorithms to create a dosage profile for energy deposited by incident electrons.

 

Optimization of the genetic algorithm for ultrafast pulse shaping

Anastasiya S. Vershenya, Hamline University

Sponsored by Andy Rundquist

The idea of the genetic algorithm, which models natural selection, has never been customized for the study of ultrafast pulse shaping. Through application of the algorithm to ultrafast pulses, we will maximize signal levels for a simple case of nonlinear optimization. By increasing the ratio of blue to red light through algorithm controlled voltage variations, we can converge to the shortest possible pulse and derive best-input parameters and methods of evaluation in ultrafast context.

 

Sonoluminescence studies at Hamline University

Christopher Visker, Hamline University

Sponsored by Andy Rundquist

Sonoluminescence (SL) is a phenomenon in which short light pulses are produced by acoustically trapping an air bubble in a liquid filled resonance chamber. Sonic pressure places a large force on the bubble, causing it to collapse on itself. The bubble then expands and contracts in a time scale measured in picoseconds. As the bubble contracts, it begins to emit photons. This phenomenon can be inexpensively produced in any modern physics laboratory with standard equipment.

 

Implementation, Analysis, and Assessment of On-Line Teaching Evaluations

Jerry L. Artz, Andrew R. Rundquist, Hamline University. 

This two-year project involved the introduction of a new, on-line teaching evaluation that enables students to anonymously assess their teachers and courses via computer.  A pilot program, during fall 2003, involved 14 faculty volunteers.   Resulting in moderate to strong success, the pilot program was then extended to include the entire College of Liberal Arts of Hamline University during the spring and fall of 2004.  The evaluation instrument, student compliance, analysis of data, and assessment will be discussed.

 

Modern Physics at Hamline University

Andy Rundquist, Hamline University

Restricted by resources from actually performing the "standard labs" (like Millikan, Compton etc.) in our modern physics course, we require a major report on one of the labs where the student must present the software required for both collecting and analyzing data.  We provide the "data" to be analyzed.  A major benefit is that students are spared the pitfalls of actual data collection and can focus on data analysis, something often incomplete in other projects.

 

A new twist in the double slit experiment and Rayleigh Criterion on resolution

R. C. Misra, Warren Menough, and Mukti Aryal, Minnesota State University, Mankato

We have studied the Rayleigh Criterion for the resolution of two neighboring objects. Its 81% requirement on combined intensity is translated to a center-to-center separation of 1.9s, where s is the standard deviation of the ÒjustÓ resolved Gaussians.  To realize this with a ÒvariableÓ double slit on an optical bench, we attempted to change d, center-to-center separation of the two slits, to obtain ÒonlyÓ the equivalent single-slit diffraction.  Results will be presented.

 

CCD Photometry of the Open Cluster NGC 7789*

Jessica L. Windschitl, Saint Mary's University

Sponsored by Paul J. Nienaber

The rich and relatively nearby open cluster NGC 7789 has been chosen as a potential standard (or fundamental) cluster.  This presentation details some broad-band photometry measurements of the cluster to determine its fundamental parameters.  Observations were made during 2004 June using the WIYN 0.9 m telescope.  Reddening and metallicity were determined from color-color diagrams.  The distance modulus and age were derived by applying the Yale-Yonsei isochrones. 

*Part of the greater WIYN Open Cluster Study (WOCS), a collaboration between the University of Wisconsin, Indiana University, Yale University, and the National Optical Astronomical Observatory (NOAO), and supported by NSF Grant AST-1039617 (REU).

 

Introductory physics through inquiry-based labs

Brian Batell and Bradley McCoy, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities

Typical introductory physics labs require students to follow a set of instructions. We present an alternative method we have developed for Honors students at the University of Minnesota. Students design all aspects of their experiments from concept to conclusion. We will discuss the benefits and limitations of these inquiry-based labs.

 

Applications of Radial Distribution Functions to Biological Systems

Josh Jacobson and Brendan Johnston, Gustavus Adolphus College

Sponsored by Paul Sauliner

Aggregations of Brine shrimp and Ostracods were analyzed to determine the Radial Distribution Function of each species. Based on these Radial Distribution Functions, the behavior of each species was analyzed quantitatively allowing conclusions to be drawn about the behavior of the individuals comprising the aggregation of each species.

 

Is more really better?  The connection between student success in introductory physics and the number of demonstrations.

Brian Andersson, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities

Students often comment that they find lecture demonstrations interesting. But, do these "interesting" demonstrations help students understand physics, or are they just something cool to see?  Using readily available data, can we determine any connection linking the number of lecture demonstrations used to student success?  In this talk, I will discuss my search for relationships between different measures of student understanding and the use of standard lecture demonstrations in large introductory physics classes.

 


Using AC Magnetic Susceptometry to Probe Exchange Anisotropy in Antiferromagnetic/Ferromagnetic Bilayers

Richard A. Thomas, David Caven, and E. Dan Dahlberg, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities

The direct exchange coupling between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic layers can pin the ferromagnetic layer magnetization in a certain direction; the most common manifestation of this effect, known as exchange anisotropy, is a shift in the hysteresis loop.  In order to further explore this technologically important phenomenon, we used AC susceptibility measurements to probe the strength of the interactions between these layers and developed a simple model to explain the results.

 

Update on the Minnesota Planetarium

Parke Kunkle, President, Minnesota Planetarium Society

The city of Minneapolis has now been granted bonding money for the new Minnesota Planetarium.  Where will it be located, what will it look like, and what are the next steps?

 

 

Posters:

 

Variations in the Correlation Coefficients of SiO Masers

Amanda Hyde and Gordon McIntosh, University of Minnesota, Morris

Correlation coefficients of maser spectra can be used to determine properties of  the source. Over the past four years, the silicon monoxide masers of Mira  (v=1; J=1-0) and R Cassiopeia (v=1; J=1-0 and v=2; J=1-0) have been  monitored remotely via the Haystack Radio Telescope in Westford, MA. The  observations did not agree with the expectations. The graphs show a  complicated pattern indicating possible periodicities and longer  correlation times than expected.

 

Using Autocorrelation Functions to Examine the Pumping of Silicon Monoxide Masers

Bill Cox and Gordon McIntosh, University of Minnesota, Morris

A current theory suggests that the predominant mechanism pumping stellar silicon monoxide masers is periodic shocks through the region in which the masers originate.  To examine this theory, we have measured the widths of maser features in spectra taken from the long period variable stars Mira and R Cassiopeia.  The width of a maser feature is affected by the velocity field present in the originating region, so the passage of the stellar shocks may be apparent due to a disruption of the velocity field and a discontinuity in the maser widths.  In our spectra, the maser features are blended making it impossible to determine the width of an individual feature.  Instead, an autocorrelation function is generated from each spectrum.  An autocorrelation function measures the correlation between points a given width apart in the spectrum.  Thus, the autocorrelation function can be used to characterize the widths of all features in the spectrum.  Our data provide no evidence that would support the theory that stellar shocks are the predominant pumping mechanism.

 

Performance of Computer Generated Zone Plates

Ryan Johnson, Minnesota State University Moorhead

Sponsored by Matt Craig

One method of generating a Fresnel zone plate is to draw or print the zone plate at large scale and photograph it on slide film. Another method is to generate a digital zone plate that is printed directly to a slide. A comparison of zone plates made both ways is made, with an emphasis on the location of focal points and images due to Moire-like patterns generated as the size of individual zones approaches the pixel size of a digital zone plate. A computer-generated model of the zone plate images is used to understand why anomalous focal points exist.